CIT 174 --Week 10 -- Blog 9

Chapter 9 Review

1. Which of the following occurs first when a computer is booted? (d) The CPU starts executing commands found in the BIOS.
   
2. On newer computers, the BIOS can typically boot from which of the following devices? (a) Hard disks, CD-ROM drives, removable disks, a network connection, or USB device.
   
3. When using LILO rather than GRUB, you must do which of the following after making a configuration change in order for the change to be effective the next time you boot Linux? (b) Run the lilo command as root.
   
4. Assuming a standard configuration, the BIOS looks first in which of the following locations on a hard disk when trying to find a boot loader or operating system? (a) The MBR (the first sector of the first IDE disk).
   
5. In order to use chained boot loaders, you must be certain that: (c) The first boot loader can by found by the BIOS, and each operating system can be reached via one of the chained boot loaders.
   
6. The Linux kernel is a file having a name that starts with (a) wmlinuz and typically stored in the /boot subdirectory.
   
7. Which feature is part of GRUB but not LILO? (a) Including non-Linux operating systems in the list of bootable systems.
   
8. Describer the output of the uname command. This command displays information about the kernel, so that you know exactly which version you are using.
   
9. The GRUB boot manager can be reconfigured directly as you boot your system, but is also controlled by this configuration file. (d) /boot/grub/grub.conf.
   
10. Which of the following statements about boot parameters is accurate? (a) They are passed to the Linux kernel by the boot loader.
    
11. The scripts in /etc/rc.d/init.d are provided by: (c) the software package that installs the service that the script controls.
    
12. Explain the difference between the configuration data stored in files within the /etc/sysconfig directory and the service-specific configuration data stored in other subdirectories. The data in the /etc/sysconfig is used to start and configure a service to run on the computer. The data in the subdirectory is used by the service itself to determine its parameters.
    
13. The (c) dmesg utility displays kernel hardware configuration messages from the system book process.
    
14. The init program relies on the following configuration file (b) /etc/inittab.
    
15. Name the two run levels normally used to run a Linux-based computer, and describe the difference between those two run levels. The single-user mode is for system maintenance but does not provide networking capabilities. The regular multi-user networking mode is the standard text mode with no graphical interface typically used on network servers.
    
16. The files in /etc/rc.d/init.d can be used to (b) stop and restart most standard services in Linux.
    
17. Name three commands that can be used to begin a graceful shutdown of Linux. Reboot, shutdown, and halt.
    
18. A boot loader can be configured to boot multiple Linux kernels that use the same partition as their root file system. True.
    
19. The timeout= parameter in a GRUB configuration and the delay= parameter in a LILO configuration both refer to (d) how long the boot loader waits for user input before booting the default operating system.
    
20. The service command is used to (a) view or change the current status of a service via a script located in /etc/rc.d/init.d.
    
21. The chkconfig command is used to (b) change the boot-up status of a service that is controlled via a script located in /etc/rc.d/init.d.
    
22. Name the graphical configuration utility provided with Red Hat Linux and Fedora that can be used in place of the command-line utilities service and chkconfig. Service Configuration utility (or servicesonf at the command line).
    
23. If a journaling file system prevents partially written information from causing a corrupted file system in Linux, why is it still important to use graceful shutdown techniques rather than just turning off the system power? Because there are dozens of services running in the background and data in the memory, turning off the power can still cause data loss. All the journaling file system protects against is corrupted file systems.
    
24. Which command is typically executed when the Ctrl+Alt+Del key combination is pressed, and where is that command configured? Immediate restart. In the /etc/inittab file.
    
25. What is the command you use to cause the init program to reread its configuration file after you have made changes to it. "telinit q"